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# coding=UTF-8
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############################################################################################
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#
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# Author： Wenguan Ding
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# Date: 2025/03/07
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# Description: This script is developed to run logical hot backup for mysql database(s)
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#
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############################################################################################
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import os
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import subprocess
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import time
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import gzip
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import argparse
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# 解析命令行参数
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parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="MySQL热物理备份脚本")
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parser.add_argument("-d", "--database", help="要备份的数据库名称（输入'all'备份所有数据库）", required=True)
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parser.add_argument("-p", "--path", help="备份文件存储路径", required=True)
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args = parser.parse_args()
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# 配置信息
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MYSQL_USER = "root" # MySQL用户名
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MYSQL_PASSWORD = "Lysxbk713!" # MySQL密码
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MYSQL_HOST = "localhost" # MySQL主机
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MYSQL_PORT = "12138" # MySQL端口
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# 创建备份目录（如果不存在）
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if not os.path.exists(args.path):
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os.makedirs(args.path)
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def backup_database(db_name, backup_dir):
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"""备份单个数据库"""
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timestamp = time.strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
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backup_file = os.path.join(backup_dir, "{0}_backup_{1}.sql".format(db_name, timestamp))
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compressed_backup_file = backup_file + ".gz"
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try:
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print("开始备份数据库: {0}".format(db_name))
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with open(backup_file, "w") as f:
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subprocess.check_call(
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[
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"mysqldump",
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"--user={0}".format(MYSQL_USER),
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"--password={0}".format(MYSQL_PASSWORD),
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"--host={0}".format(MYSQL_HOST),
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"--port={0}".format(MYSQL_PORT),
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"--single-transaction", # 确保热备份
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"--routines", # 备份存储过程和函数
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"--triggers", # 备份触发器
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"--events", # 备份事件
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db_name,
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],
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stdout=f,
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)
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print("数据库备份成功，文件保存到: {0}".format(backup_file))
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# 压缩备份文件
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with open(backup_file, "rb") as f_in:
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with gzip.open(compressed_backup_file, "wb") as f_out:
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f_out.writelines(f_in)
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print("备份文件已压缩: {0}".format(compressed_backup_file))
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# 删除未压缩的备份文件
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os.remove(backup_file)
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print("已删除未压缩的备份文件: {0}".format(backup_file))
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except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
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print("备份失败: {0}".format(e))
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except Exception as e:
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print("发生错误: {0}".format(e))
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def get_all_databases():
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"""获取所有数据库名称"""
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try:
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output = subprocess.check_output(
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[
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"mysql",
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"--user={0}".format(MYSQL_USER),
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"--password={0}".format(MYSQL_PASSWORD),
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"--host={0}".format(MYSQL_HOST),
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"--port={0}".format(MYSQL_PORT),
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"-e",
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"SHOW DATABASES;",
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]
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)
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databases = output.splitlines()[1:] # 跳过第一行标题
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return databases
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except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
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print("获取数据库列表失败: {0}".format(e))
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return []
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# 执行备份
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if args.database.lower() == "all":
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databases = get_all_databases()
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if databases:
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print("开始备份所有数据库: {0}".format(databases))
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for db in databases:
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if db not in ["information_schema", "performance_schema", "mysql", "sys"]: # 跳过系统数据库
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backup_database(db, args.path)
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else:
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print("未找到可备份的数据库")
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else:
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backup_database(args.database, args.path)
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